Test Methods and Judgment Criteria of Bearing Testing Machines

Bearing testing machines enable in-depth analysis of the performance of bearing products and raw materials, and are currently widely used in bearing inspection. Before operation, it is essential to understand the machine’s performance and characteristics. The editorial team from Kaiyuan will explain the operational knowledge of bearing testing machines, focusing on their test methods and judgment criteria.

I. Test Methods of Bearing Testing Machines

1. Complete Test

A group of bearing samples is tested under the same conditions until all samples fail.

2. Censored Test

A group of bearing samples is tested under the same conditions until a portion of the samples fail.

3. Fixed-Time (Fixed-Count) Censored Test

A group of bearing samples is tested under the same conditions until a specified time (or a predetermined number of failures) is reached, at which point the test is stopped.

4. Group Elimination Test

A group of bearing samples is randomly divided into subgroups. Each subgroup is tested under the same conditions until one failure occurs in each subgroup.

5. Sequential Test

A group of bearing samples is tested under the same conditions, with failure evaluations conducted sequentially for each failed sample.

II. Judgment Criteria for Bearing Tests

1. Qualification Assessment

Based on quality requirements, qualification is assessed as follows:

• For long-life tests: The test report shall also specify the value of the qualification multiple achieved.
• Validation tests: A test is qualified if the sample reaches the specified qualified life.
• Qualification tests: A test is qualified if the sample reaches 3 times the specified qualified life.

2. Failure Judgment

• Fatigue Failure (main failure mode): Refers to fatigue spalling of the base metal on the working surfaces of the bearing ring or rolling elements.
  • Spalling depth ≥ 0.05 mm;
  • Spalling area: ≥ 0.5 mm² for ball bearing components; ≥ 1.0 mm² for roller bearing components.
• Other Failures: A bearing is deemed failed if it malfunctions or cannot operate normally during the test, including:
  • Disassembly, fracture, or jamming of bearing components;
  • Deformation of seals;
  • Grease leakage or drying.

The emergence of bearing testing machines provides an essential tool for product testing, helping enterprises gain a comprehensive understanding of product performance. Kaiyuan Intelligence focuses on the R&D and production of intelligent detection and assembly systems for auto parts and bearings, MES system integration (including SPC process control), various simulation/durability test equipment, and high-precision testing instruments. We provide customized intelligent manufacturing system solutions for different industries, committed to fulfilling your needs with professional expertise and a dedicated attitude.